Labelling Machine Troubleshooting: Common Problems and How to Fix Them

labelling machine troubleshooting

Even the most reliable labelling machines can experience occasional issues that affect label placement, production speed, or overall product presentation. Fortunately, many common problems can be identified and resolved quickly without extensive downtime.

This troubleshooting guide explains the most frequent labelling machine problems, their likely causes, and practical solutions to help keep your production line running efficiently.

Common Labelling Machine Problems

1. Crooked or Skewed Labels

A label that is applied at an angle is one of the most common problems in pressure-sensitive labelling systems.

Possible Causes

  • Container not entering straight
  • Conveyor guide rails incorrectly adjusted
  • Container slipping during application
  • Applicator head misaligned
  • Incorrect belt pressure
  • Worn rollers

Solutions

  • Check conveyor guides and container alignment.
  • Ensure products remain stable throughout application.
  • Adjust side belts or wrap belts.
  • Re-align the applicator head.
  • Inspect rollers for wear.
  • Verify the label sensor is correctly positioned.

2. Wrinkled Labels or Air Bubbles

Wrinkles and bubbles reduce product appearance and may affect label adhesion.

Possible Causes

  • Uneven application pressure
  • Dirty container surface
  • Incorrect wipe-down brush pressure
  • Labels applied too quickly
  • Curved containers using incorrect applicator settings

Solutions

  • Clean containers before labelling.
  • Reduce application speed if necessary.
  • Adjust wipe-down brushes or rollers.
  • Verify correct label size for the container.
  • Ensure bottles rotate smoothly during wrap-around application.

3. Labels Not Positioned Correctly

Labels may be too high, too low, too far left, or too far right.

Possible Causes

  • Product sensor moved
  • Incorrect registration settings
  • Encoder calibration error
  • Conveyor speed mismatch
  • Product spacing inconsistent

Solutions

  • Recalibrate the product sensor.
  • Verify encoder operation.
  • Adjust label delay settings.
  • Maintain consistent spacing between containers.
  • Confirm conveyor and applicator speeds are synchronised.

4. Label Not Dispensing

The backing liner moves, but labels fail to peel correctly.

Possible Causes

  • Dirty peel plate
  • Incorrect peel angle
  • Damaged labels
  • Excess adhesive build-up
  • Incorrect tension settings

Solutions

  • Clean the peel plate thoroughly.
  • Inspect label rolls for damage.
  • Adjust web tension.
  • Replace damaged label stock.
  • Ensure labels follow the correct threading path.

5. Double Feeding Labels

More than one label is dispensed for each product.

Possible Causes

  • Sensor sensitivity incorrect
  • Transparent label sensor not calibrated
  • Poor-quality labels
  • Excessive dispensing speed

Solutions

  • Recalibrate the label sensor.
  • Reduce dispensing speed.
  • Check sensor cleanliness.
  • Replace inconsistent label rolls.

6. Labels Missing Products

Products pass through without receiving labels.

Possible Causes

  • Product sensor not detecting containers
  • Gap sensor dirty
  • Conveyor running too fast
  • Label roll empty
  • Incorrect trigger timing

Solutions

  • Clean sensors.
  • Verify product detection.
  • Recalibrate timing settings.
  • Replace empty label rolls.
  • Match conveyor speed with applicator speed.

7. Labels Peeling Off After Application

Labels lift shortly after being applied.

Possible Causes

  • Dirty containers
  • Moisture or condensation
  • Incorrect adhesive type
  • Low application pressure
  • Incorrect storage conditions

Solutions

  • Clean and dry products before labelling.
  • Select labels suitable for the application.
  • Increase wipe-down pressure.
  • Store labels according to manufacturer recommendations.

8. Label Web Breaking

The backing paper tears during operation.

Possible Causes

  • Excessive web tension
  • Damaged rollers
  • Incorrect threading
  • Poor-quality labels
  • Sharp edges on the peel plate

Solutions

  • Reduce web tension.
  • Inspect rollers.
  • Replace worn components.
  • Smooth damaged peel plate edges.
  • Re-thread the label roll correctly.

Preventing Future Problems

Most labelling issues can be prevented through routine maintenance.

Daily preventative tasks include:

  • Cleaning sensors
  • Cleaning the peel plate
  • Inspecting rollers
  • Checking conveyor guides
  • Verifying label alignment
  • Removing adhesive residue

 

Weekly maintenance should include:

  • Belt inspection
  • Sensor calibration
  • Roller inspection
  • Applicator alignment checks

 

Monthly maintenance should include:

  • Full machine inspection
  • Lubrication where required
  • Encoder testing
  • Electrical connection checks
  • Software calibration verification

Regular preventative maintenance significantly reduces downtime and improves labelling accuracy.

When to Call a Technician

Contact a qualified technician if:

  • The applicator motor fails.
  • Sensors continue malfunctioning after calibration.
  • Labels repeatedly mis-register.
  • Electrical faults occur.
  • PLC alarms persist.
  • Mechanical components become damaged.
  • Production quality cannot be restored after standard troubleshooting.

Why Choose SA Packaging Machinery?

At SA Packaging Machinery, we supply reliable labelling systems backed by expert technical support. Whether you need assistance diagnosing a fault, replacing components, or selecting a new machine, our experienced team is ready to help minimise downtime and keep your production line operating efficiently.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why are my labels going on crooked?

Crooked labels are usually caused by poor product alignment, incorrect guide rail settings, worn rollers, or an applicator head that requires adjustment.

Why is my labelling machine dispensing two labels?

Double-feeding is commonly caused by incorrect sensor calibration, poor-quality labels, or dispensing speeds that are too high.

Why won't my labels stick properly?

Labels may not adhere if the container is dirty, wet, oily, or if the wrong adhesive type is being used for the application.

How often should I calibrate my labelling machine?

Sensors and registration settings should be checked regularly and recalibrated whenever label rolls are changed or label placement becomes inconsistent.

Can dirty sensors cause labelling problems?

Yes. Dirty sensors can prevent the machine from detecting products or label gaps accurately, resulting in missed labels or incorrect positioning.

What causes wrinkles in labels?

Wrinkles are often caused by uneven application pressure, excessive speed, incorrect wipe-down settings, or unstable containers during labelling.

Need Help Troubleshooting Your Labelling Machine?

Production downtime can quickly impact efficiency and profitability. If you’ve worked through the common troubleshooting steps and are still experiencing issues, our technical team is here to help.

Whether you need assistance with sensor calibration, label registration, applicator adjustments, replacement parts, or a complete machine inspection, SA Packaging Machinery provides expert support to get your equipment back to peak performance.

Contact us today to speak with a labelling machine specialist or request technical assistance.